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Semen analysis consists of collecting a sperm sample for use in a series of laboratory tests to evaluate the health of a male's sperm. These tests assess sperm count, movement, shape, white blood cells and ejaculate volume. If any of these aspects are not normal, additional testing, such as a sperm wash may be recommended. An analysis based on two to three separate samples is more reliable because samples from the same man can vary greatly.
An analysis based on two to three separate samples is more reliable because samples can vary greatly. In a normal sperm sample, semen volume is 2 to 5 millilitres. In a 1-millilitre semen sample, there should be:
- more than 20 million sperm
- more than 50% of the sperm should be moving
- more than 50% of the sperm should have a normal shape
- less than 1 million white blood cells
If any of these aspects are not normal, a sperm wash may be recommended to determine:
- the sperm's ability to bind to and fertilize an egg
- whether antibodies are present that may be working against the sperm
- the presence of infections
Instructions for collecting a sperm sample for semen analysis
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